Body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions and exercise addiction in Brazilian adolescents: A person-centred study.

The present study aimed to identify profiles of adolescents based upon body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions, and to examine whether these profiles differed from each other in terms of their exercise addiction (EA) symptoms. A sample of 703 Brazilian adolescents (41% girls) completed a self-report questionnaire. The results from a two-step cluster analysis identified four profiles: prideful (19.5%), low self-consciousness (31.7%), moderately high self-consciousness (29.2%), and shameful-guilty (19.6%). The prideful profile was characterized by a greater presence of boys, as well as by higher frequency/intensity levels of exercise than the remaining groups. The shameful-guilty profile was characterized by a greater presence of girls and by higher levels of BMI compared to the remaining groups. Regarding EA symptoms, the results from the ANCOVA/MANCOVA analyses revealed that the prideful profile showed (i) higher salience and tolerance levels than the low-level balanced self-consciousness profile, and (ii) higher salience and lower conflict compared to the shameful-guilty profile. Additionally, the moderately high self-consciousness profile showed (i) higher salience and tolerance levels than the low self-consciousness profile, and (ii) higher salience levels than the shameful-guilty profile. Identifying subgroups on the basis of body appearance-related self-conscious emotions contributes to explaining different EA symptoms in adolescents.

Psychometric properties of the body and appearance self-conscious emotions scale in Brazilian adolescents.

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale in Brazilian adolescents. A sample of 827 adolescents (55% boys) filled out a questionnaire comprising the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale and instruments assessing social physique anxiety, positive/negative affect, and self-esteem. After removing one item originally proposed for the guilt factor (Item 7), the results supported a 4-factor structure that was invariant across gender and weight status. Evidence supporting the internal consistency, temporal stability, and convergent validity of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale cores were also obtained. These results support the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale as a psychometrically robust instrument to assess body and appearance self-conscious emotions in Brazilian adolescents.

Motivação em praticantes de exercício resistido / Motivation in resistance exercise practitioners / Motivación em practicantes de ejercicios de resistance

Introdução: A importância da prática de exercícios físicos pela população tem se tornado objeto de estudo de diversas áreas, tendo se comprovado os benefícios oriundos da realização constante dos exercícios físicos. Para incorporar essa prática na rotina, se faz importante saber a motivação das pessoas pela busca de um local para a prática de exercícios físicos. Objetivo: avaliar os níveis motivacionais de praticantes de exercícios resistidos. Método: 94 adultos, praticantes de exercícios resistidos, responderam a dois questionários, sendo um sóciodemográfico e o Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire­Version3 (BREQ-3). Resultados: 54,3% dos participantes buscavam saúde ao praticar o exercício resistido, e em relação aos domínios do BREQ-3, a média para a motivação intrínseca foi a mais alta. Conclusão: os participantes do estudo buscam por saúde e, de uma forma geral, eles se encontram motivados intrinsecamente na prática de exercícios resistidos.

Introduction: The importance of the practice of physical exercise by the population has become the object of study in several areas, with benefits arising from the constant performance of physical exercises. To incorporate this practice into the routine, it is important to know people's motivation for finding a place to practice physical exercises. Objective: assess the motivational levels of resistance exercise practitioners. Method: 94 adults, practitioners of resistance exercise, answered two questionnaires, one sociodemographic and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire ­Version3 (BREQ-3). Results: 54,3% of the participants sough health when practicing resistance exercise, and in relation to the BREQ-3 domains, the mean for intrinsic motivation was thehighest. Conclusion: participants seek health and, in general, they find themselves intrinsically motivated in the practice of resistance exercises.

Introducción: La importância de la práctica de ejercicios físicos por pare de la población se há convertido em objeto de estúdio em diversas áreas, siendo los benefícios derivados de la realización constante de ejercicios físicos. Para incorporar esta práctica a la rutina, es importante conocer la motivación de las personas para encontrar un lugar donde practicar ejercicios físicos. Objetivo: evaluar los niveles de motivación de los practiacntes de ejercicios de resistance. Método: 94 adultos, practicantes de ejercicioresistance, respondieron dos cuestionarios, uno sociodemográfico y el Cuestionario de Regulación Conductual en el Ejercicio -Versión 3 (BREQ-3). Resultados54,3% de los participantes buscaba la salud al practicar ejercicio de resistência, y em relación alos domínios BREQ-3, la media de motivación intrínseca fu ela más alta. Conclusion: los participantes de estúdio buscan la salud y, em general, se encuentran intrinsecamente motivados em la práctica de ejercicios de resistência.

Players' On-Court Movements and Contextual Variables in Badminton World Championship.

This study aimed to analyze the elite badminton players' on-court movements related to contextual variables (game, round, and match status). A total of 18 matches of the Jakarta 2015 World Championship (1,273 points and 5,710 play actions) were examined by univariate and bivariate analyses. Significant differences were found when comparing the players' on-court movements related to game, round, and match status (p < 0.05). All movements were executed more frequently in game 2, with the exception of diagonal large backward left (DLBL), diagonal short backward left (DSBL), diagonal short backward right (DSBR), and longitudinal short backward (LSB). The results obtained related to the round showed that longitudinal large backward (LLB) was the most frequent footwork in R1/16 and R1/2, diagonal short forward left (DSFL) was the most frequent one for R1/4, and transversal short right (TSR) was the most used movement for the final round. According to match status, no movement (NM) was the most common situation before hitting the shuttlecock at any moment during the match. This study shows how contextual variables modulate the elite players' on-court movements. This information could be valuable for coaches and players, allowing them to better understand the players' behavior in a competition, which could be used to design more specific training tasks and prepare match strategies in order to improve the players' performance in competitions.

Latent profile analysis of exercise addiction symptoms in Brazilian adolescents: Association with health-related variables.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the present study is to identify profiles of adolescent exercisers based on exercise addiction symptoms (EA), and to examine differences in several health-related variables potentially related to EA across these profiles. METHODS: A sample consisting of 618 adolescents, aged from 13 to 17 years, completed a questionnaire assessing EA, exercise characteristics (i.e., frequency and intensity of exercise), depression, body image (i.e., body appreciation and social physique anxiety), and disordered eating (i.e., concerns about eating and body weight gain as well as restrictive and compensatory practices). RESULTS: The profile analysis identified three EA profiles, which were labelled: low-risk, high-risk with conflict and high-risk without conflict. Based on their scores for the health-related variables considered, the low-risk profile emerged as the least problematic; this increasing in the high-risk without conflict and even more so in the high-risk with conflict profiles. Nevertheless, individuals belonging to the high-risk without conflict profile showed similar body appreciation scores but lower social physique anxiety scores than those belonging to the low-risk profile. LIMITATIONS: The study is limited by both its cross-sectional design and the self-reported nature of the collected data. CONCLUSIONS: Conflict symptom may be relevant in explaining the differences in certain health-related variables between adolescents showing similarly high levels of EA.

Motivação e atividade física: os projetos de extensão na universidade (motivação e atividade física) / Motivation and physical activity: extension program at university (motivation and physical activity) / La motivación y actividad física: el proyecto de extensión de la universidad (motivación y actividade física)

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi identificar os principais fatores que motivam alunos dos Proje-tos de Extensão da Faculdade de Educação Física da Universidade Estadual de Campinas a praticarem atividade física. O instrumento utilizado foi o Inventário de Motivação à Prática Regular de Atividade Física (IMPRAF-54), que abrange seis dimensões da motivação (Con-trole do Estresse, Saúde, Sociabilidade, Competitividade, Estética e Prazer). Foram avaliados 173 sujeitos, entre 18 e 40 anos, de ambos os sexos, que praticam as diferentes modalidades oferecidas pelo projeto. Como resultado geral, verificou-se que a Saúde e o Prazer são os principais motivos para a prática da atividade física, seguidos pelo Controle do Estresse e Estética, Sociabilidade e Competitividade. Ressalta-se a importância de pesquisas assim tanto para a área da Educação Física em geral, quanto para aqueles que trabalham diretamente no oferecimento dessas atividades, no sentido de possibilitar a elaboração de estratégias que mantenham os alunos motivados de maneira adequada para a prática de atividade física.

The objective of this research was to identify the main factors that motivate students from the Extension Program from Physical Education College at Campinas State University to practice physical activities. The tool used was the Motivational Inventory to the Regular Physical Ac-tivity (IMPRAF-54) that covers six dimensions of motivation (Stress Control, Health, Socia-bility, Competitiveness, Aesthetics and Pleasure). We evaluated 173 subjects, with ages vary-ing from 18-40 years old, who practiced the program's different modalities. Overall, Health and Pleasure were considered the main influence factor to choose the physical activity by the population studied; they were followed by Stress Control, Aesthetics, Sociability and Com-petitiveness. This study emphasizes the importance of this kind of research to the physical education area and helps who works directly in this kind of activities once it can improve strategies to keep student motivation high when practicing physical activities.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los principales factores que motivan a los es-tudiantes del Proyecto de Extensión de la Institución Universitaria de Educación Física de la Universidad Estatal de Campinas a practicar actividades físicas. El instrumento utilizado fue el Inventario de Motivación para la Práctica Regular de Actividad Física (IMPRAF-54), que envuelve seis dimensiones de motivación (Control del Estrés, Salud, Sociabilidad, Competiti-vidad, Estética y Placer). Se evaluaron 173 sujetos, de 18 años a 40 años, de ambos sexos, que practican las diferentes modalidades ofrecidas por el proyecto. Como resultado general, se verificó que la Salud y el Placer son los principales motivos para la práctica de la actividad física, seguidos del Control del estrés y la Estética, la Sociabilidad y la Competitividad. Se destaca la importancia de ese tipo de investigación tanto en el ámbito de la educación física en general, como para los que trabajan directamente en la oferta de esas actividades, ya que per-mite la posibilidad de crear estrategias que mantengan a los estudiantes motivados para la actividad física adecuada.

Fatores motivacionais relacionados à prática de atividades físicas em idosos / Motivational factors related to the practice of physical activities of the elderly / Factores de motivación relacionados con la actividad física en los adultos mayores

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os fatores motivacionais de idosos para praticarem atividades físicas regularmente. A amostra foi composta por 77 idosos de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 55 e 90 anos, que estavam praticando atividades físicas há pelo menos um mês nos núcleos de esporte e lazer do município de Indaiatuba. Para a coleta dos dados, foi utilizado o IMPRAF-54 (Inventário de Motivação para a Prática Regular de Atividades Físicas), um instrumento que abrange seis dimensões da motivação para a prática de atividades físicas: controle do estresse, saúde, sociabilidade, competitividade, estética ou prazer. Os resultados mostram que o principal fator motivacional para os idosos é a saúde. Depois da saúde, aparecem empatados a sociabilidade, o prazer e o controle do estresse e, por fim, a estética e a competitividade. Com esses dados, é possível conhecer o que estimula os idosos a frequentarem as aulas e planejá-las de forma apropriada, abarcando os seus interesses, considerando-os de maneira integral.

The aim of this study was to investigate the motivational factors for older adults to practice physical activities regularly. The sample consisted of 77 elderly of both genders, aged 55 to 90 years and who were practicing physical activities for at least a month in centers of sports and leisure in the city of Indaiatuba. The inventory IMPRAF-54 (Motivation for the Regular Practice of Physical Activity Inventory) was used for data collection. This instrument covers 6 dimensions of motivation for the practice of physical activities: stress control, health, sociability, competitiveness, aesthetic and pleasure. The results showed that the main motivational factor for the elderly is health. After health, sociability, pleasure and control of stress appear tied and, finally, aesthetics and competitiveness. With these results, it is possible to know what encourages older adults to attend classes and to plan for them properly, including their interests and considering them holistically.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los factores motivacionales de los adultos mayores a la práctica de actividad física regular. La muestra consistió en 77 hombres y mujeres de edad avanzada, comprendidas entre 55 y 90 años y que practicaban actividad física durante al menos 1 mes en los núcleos de deporte y el ocio en la ciudad de Indaiatuba. Para recopilar los datos, se utilizó el IMPRAF-54 (Inventario de Motivación para La Actividad Física Regular), un instrumento que cubre 6 dimensiones de la motivación para la actividad física: manejo del estrés, salud, sociabilidad, competitividad, estética y placer. Los resultados muestran que el principal factor de motivación para las personas mayores es la salud. Después de salud, aparecerá atada sociabilidad, placer y manejo del estrés y, por último, la estética y la competitividad. Con estos datos, es posible saber que anima a las personas mayores para asistir a clases y planificar de manera adecuada, más abarcadora de sus intereses, considerándolos de manera integral.

Indicadores da síndrome de burnout em atletas amadores brasileiros de rugby sevens / Burnout syndrome indicators in brazilian amateur athletes of rugby sevens / Indicadores del síndrome de bournout en deportistas aficionados brasileños de rugby sevens

Os objetivos do estudo foram mensurar como a síndrome de burnout afeta atletas brasileiros de rugby sevens e verificar o efeito da variável sexo na percepção da síndrome. Participaram do estudo 21 atletas amadores (11 homens e dez mulheres), que responderam a uma ficha de dados demográficos e ao Questionário de Burnout para Atletas. Para análise de dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e a estatística inferencial (teste U de Mann-Whitney). Os atletas avaliados apresentaram índices baixos e moderados nas dimensões de burnout e no burnout total. Atletas do sexo feminino apresentaram maior percepção da dimensão "reduzido senso de realização esportiva" do que seus pares do sexo masculino. Não foi verificado o efeito da variável sexo para as demais dimensões e para o burnout total.

The aims of the study were to measure how the burnout syndrome affects Brazilian rugby sevens athletes and verify the effect of the sex variable in the perception of the syndrome. 21 amateur athletes participated (11 men and 10 women), who responded to a demographic profile and the Burnout Questionnaire for Athletes. For data analysis we used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney U test). The athletes evaluated presented low and moderate levels in the dimensions of burnout and total burnout. Female athletes had higher perception of "reduced sense of sport accomplishment" scale than their male counterparts. The effect of the gender variable to the other dimensions and total burnout was not verified.

Los objetivos del estudio fueron mensurar como el síndrome de burnout afecta deportistas brasileños de rugby sevens y verificar el efecto de la variable de género en la percepción del síndrome. Los participantes fueron 21 atletas aficionados (11 hombres y 10 mujeres), que respondieron a una ficha de datos demográficos y al Cuestionario de Burnout para Deportistas. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y la estadística inferencial (prueba U de Mann-Whitney). Los deportistas evaluados presentaron niveles bajos y moderados en las dimensiones de burnout y en el burnout total. Las mujeres deportistas presentaron mayor percepción del "reducido sentido de logro deportivo" que sus homólogos masculinos. El efecto de la variable de género a las otras dimensiones y para el burnout total no se verificó.